Global Warming = Warmer Troposphere & Colder Stratosphere

We already know that from a) basics physics, b) climate models, and c) observations. Here's the short version: In the troposphere, the energy received at the Earth's surface is dispersed by convection, storms, and wind = weather. In contrast, there is no 'weather' in the stratosphere - there is just no enough air up there to create convection and air pressure differences.

Instead, the temperature of the stratosphere & its vertical gradient is determined by a) UV radiation absorption by ozone = warming and infrared radiation emission from the CO2.

Now it gets interesting:

• More CO2 in the troposphere means more trapping of heat near the surfacce & thus warming.
• More CO2 in the stratosphere does the opposite: it emits more radition into space & thus causes cooling.

Furthermore, this cooling effect of CO2 in the stratosphere increases with altitude from basically zero at the tropopause to more and more as you go higher & higher. Why is that? Well, turns out that the ozone layer is relatively low in the stratosphere & its effect dimishes the higher you go in the stratosphere while at the same time the influence of CO2 gets stronger.

Yes, it gets warmer in the stratosphere due to the presence of ozone. This is not impacted by global warming. Global warming does mean that there is more CO2 in the stratosphere & that overall cools the stratosphere = shifts the vertical gradient to the left.

All that is basic physics!

Not something weird created by climate models!

More here: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-026-01951-0